Control of Urban Waqfs in al-Salt, Transjordan
Control of Urban Waqfs in al-Salt, Transjordan
As has been amply demonstrated by historians of the Middle East, the institution of waqf was essential to the support of religious and social services from the period of the establishment of military patronage states in medieval Islam and on into the high noon of Ottoman hegemony over the region. This chapter analyses endowments in the newly created state of Transjordan, where the Ottoman government struggled to supplant the wide range of services provided locally by waqfs. By the twentieth century, however, Ottoman officials were aware that a state's claim to modernity rested at least in part on its ability to offer its citizens a degree of protection. The battle unfolding in al-Salt, then, concerned the state's sphere of action, its rights and responsibilities vis-à-vis the populations under its purview, as much as it did the revenues generated by the waqfs.
Keywords: Middle East, social services, military patronage states, Transjordan, Ottoman government
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