The Sadir al-Fuqaha' wa-l-Fuqara' Endowment (Salah al-Din al-Ayyubi) in Alexandria during the Eighteenth Century1
The Sadir al-Fuqaha' wa-l-Fuqara' Endowment (Salah al-Din al-Ayyubi) in Alexandria during the Eighteenth Century1
Examining a foundation created by Salah al-Din (Saladin) in Alexandria, this chapter shows how the Ottoman state continuously sought to interfere in the endowment's affairs and fought the beneficiaries for a larger share of endowment revenues. One aim of this study is to understand various dimensions of the state's social policy toward provincial populations during the eighteenth century by examining this endowment, one of the largest providers of official pensions and salaries to ulama, jurists, and orphans in Alexandria. Far from being fixed, this policy was influenced and altered by material circumstances and the various problems facing the Ottoman state during the eighteenth century. This chapter is also concerned with analyzing the reactions of the shaykhs and ulama (representatives of a dynamic social group with considerable social and cultural weight) to the policies and directives issued by the state.
Keywords: Salah al-Din, Alexandria, Ottoman state, endowment revenues, state's social policy
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